CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

52%

INCREASE IN PEAK VO₂ AFTER 8 WEEKS

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human trial, 8 weeks of daily epicatechin (100 mg/day) led to a statistically significant 52 % rise in peak oxygen consumption (VO₂) during exercise versus baseline.

Additional analyses reported higher mitochondrial enzyme activity (citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase), indicating greater mitochondrial efficiency.*

Source: “Effects of epicatechin on mitochondrial integrity, vascular function, and exercise capacity in humans,” Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2021.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

Up to 23%

BOOST IN MITOCHONDRIAL PERFORMANCE MARKERS

A meta-analysis of six human studies found that epicatechin supplementation increased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, including PGC-1α, cytochrome c, and citrate synthase activity.

These biomarkers are associated with mitochondrial density and oxidative metabolism, supporting healthy energy production.*

Source: “Epicatechin improves mitochondrial-related outcomes in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” European Journal of Pharmacology, 2020.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

15%

INCREASE IN FAT OXIDATION AFTER A SINGLE DOSE

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, one 100 mg dose of epicatechin taken with a meal increased fat oxidation by 15 % and resting energy expenditure by 4.3 % during the post-meal period, compared with placebo.*

Source: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2021 (PubMed ID 34227843).

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

25%

INCREASE IN MITOCHONDRIAL SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD2) LEVELS

Seven days of epicatechin (100 mg/day) in healthy adults increased mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) levels by 25 %, a key antioxidant enzyme that supports redox balance and cellular defense against oxidative stress.*

Source: “Epicatechin modulates mitochondrial redox in humans,” Heliyon, 2020.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

20%

IMPROVEMENT IN EXERCISE PERFORMANCE

A one-week trial of epicatechin (100 mg/day) showed a 20 % increase in peak exercise capacity and enhanced skeletal muscle mitochondrial function (citrate synthase activity and oxidative phosphorylation markers).*

Source: European Journal of Pharmacology, 2017.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

90%

INCREASE IN ENOS ACTIVITY WITH EPICATECHIN

Epicatechin was found to stimulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by up to 90 %, enhancing vascular function and circulation in vitro compared with other flavonoids.*

Source: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2014.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

5%

REDUCTION IN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN JUST 5 DAYS

In a placebo-controlled crossover study, healthy adults taking epicatechin (100 mg/day) for 5 days experienced an average 4.4 mmHg (≈ 5 %) decrease in systolic blood pressure and higher plasma nitric oxide levels, indicating improved vascular tone.*

Source: Nutrition and Metabolic Insights, 2016.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

12%

IMPROVEMENT IN COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AFTER 6 WEEKS

Older adults (55 – 75 years) consuming epicatechin-rich cocoa extract (≈ 90 mg/day) for 6 weeks showed a 12 % gain in processing speed and working memory vs placebo, linked to enhanced cerebral blood flow and mitochondrial activation.*

Source: Journal of Medicinal Food, 2022.

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CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS:

30–35%

INCREASE IN ANGIOGENESIS AND MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS MARKERS

(-)-Epicatechin upregulated VEGF-A, PGC-1α, and TFAM expression in human cells by 30 – 35 %, key signals for new blood vessel growth and mitochondrial generation, supporting overall cellular energy capacity.*

Source: European Journal of Pharmacology, 2014.

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FOOTNOTES & DISCLOSURES

All data summarized above derive from independent, peer-reviewed studies on (-)-epicatechin as an ingredient, not from clinical testing of Mitozz™. Findings are presented for scientific context only and do not imply disease prevention or treatment.

Individual results may vary based on age, health status, and lifestyle.

​​* Ingredient-level evidence; formulation and dose in Mitozz™ may differ.

† These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.